CHAIRMAN’S REPORT – DEC 2019/JAN 2020

By Craig Bignell, Southern Dirt Chairman

Harvest is now in full swing in our region and so far the weather has been extremely kind. We have had warm days, few harvest bans and balmy nights. This has meant most are well ahead of there usual hectares covered at this time and hopefully thinking of holidays ahead.

Yields, I am hearing, are overwhelmingly positive. I have heard of averages for canola upwards of 2.5t/ha and cereal’s upwards of 5t/ha. These are outstanding and anyone averaging this should be rightly proud and the rest of us should be asking how and what can we learn from these results.

Thankyou to those that contributed when contacted by Southern Dirt to ask for your input for our direction. Management are collating this and will present it to the committees to help with our strategic planning and future direction. If you missed out on a call please phone the office to offer your suggestions. I’m sure driving headers you may have come up with some more questions as to why this canola did or did not average 2.5t/ha and if you have a specific idea please phone it through. The most valuable learning is from our peers.

In the last month I was lucky enough to meet the state agriculture minister Alannah MacTiernan on your behalf to thank the state government for their contribution to our flax trials. Thankyou also to Ray Harrington for making the trip to push our cause. I couldn’t help but feel we were caught up in an episode of Utopia but I couldn’t find Rob Sitch. It did demonstrate to me that she is an incredibly busy lady and if we want her audience we have to be very organised and know exactly what we want and how to say it.

I’m very pleased to welcome Garret Piper to our executive committee and board. Garret comes to us from an accountancy and business consultant background with skills and fresh thinking that will be most valuable to us into the future. Welcome Garret.

A somewhat rushed chairman’s report as thankfully for us the harvester has hardly stopped. I hope the season has treated you well and you are able/must take that well earned break through summer. Stay safe over the festive season have a merry Christmas and we look forward to your involvement in Southern Dirt’s Tenth year in 2020.

WA SCHOOL TEACHERS SWAP THE CLASSROOM FOR THE PADDOCK ON INNOVATIVE FARM EXPERIENCE PROGRAM

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A busload of 22 teachers recently swapped the classroom for the paddock, to learn first-hand from some of the state’s most tech-savvy farmers in a bid to see agriculture more readily incorporated into the school curriculum. 

Held in the Kojonup region on September 16 and 17, the initiative was part of the innovative Teacher Farm Experience (TeacherFX) Program developed by agribusiness banking specialist Rabobank and its WA Client Council, in partnership with CQUniversity Australia (CQU), as a way of bridging the urban-rural divide.

Aiming to equip the state’s educators with an increased understanding and interest in food and fibre production – with a focus on how they can adopt the learnings into STEM (science, technology, engineering and mathematics) and digital technology curriculums – the two-day program incorporated an overnight farm stay with local farming families and practical on-farm visits to demonstrate the adoption of new technologies and sustainability practices, particularly around soil health, pasture growth and animal welfare.

The second day of the program saw teachers provided with interactive resources – including a program which uses satellite imagery to measure ‘food on offer’ for livestock – to take back to their classrooms. 

The Kojonup program was the third TeacherFX to be held in Australia, and is part of a national roll out of the scheme, following a successful pilot conducted in the Narrogin region, last year.      
 /Feedback collated from the participating teachers by CQU found that prior to attending TeacherFX, around two thirds (67 per cent) felt they were not connected, or only distantly connected, to the agricultural industry. And for 90 per cent, knowledge was considered a barrier to increasing the level of food and fibre concepts in their teaching program. 

However, on completing the program, 95 per cent said they would encourage their students to consider a career in agriculture, while all those who attended felt their overall perception of the agricultural industry was positive. 

For STEM teacher Shelley Jenkinson, from Floreat Park Primary School in Perth, attending TeacherFX provided the opportunity to “learn about farming and embed some farming content in our program”.

“It is really challenging to find authentic experiences for children to learn from and when you can get an authentic experience, the kids are so much more engaged and usually every aspect of what they’re doing then becomes meaningful,” she said.

Ms Jenkinson said the biggest lesson she had taken away from the program was the “need to establish a connection between schools, the education system and agriculture”.

“I wasn’t really aware of the level of disconnect until I started doing this (program),” she said. “And it’s actually quite astounding. The farmers are acknowledging it, they’re aware, but I’m not sure if we (in cities) are so aware of that disconnection. “Getting that message and connection across into the city, that’s so important. Because from my side, our kids really know so little about agriculture in general, about where their food and fibre comes from.”

On returning to the classroom, Ms Jenkinson said, she would be using the satellite imagery program introduced at TeacherFX with her students. “The fact that there is data available online is big plus because it means we can make connections without leaving the classroom,” she said. “So we can see the satellite images, for example, and collect real data without being there like a farmer can.”

Program organiser and Rabobank WA Client Council co-chair Gerri Hinkley said the teachers who attended TeacherFX were “really engaged”, with the program sparking intelligent questions and conversations around environmental issues and animal ethics. 

“For example, the visit to Rob and Caroline Rex’s property at Beaufort River generated much discussion as they showcased the importance of healthy soils to the long-term profitability of their enterprise and how they work to ensure all ecosystems are in balance,” she said. 

Ms Hinkley said while the teachers predominately came from schools in Perth, there were also regional and rural schools represented, with a wide range of ag knowledge among the group. 

“Some teachers had a detailed knowledge of the industry while others were excited to see how big a sheep was,” she said. “It was an eye opener for many of the teachers, and highlighted the gaps in knowledge that we, as an industry, need to help fill. Because if we can instill an interest in food and fibre production into the teachers, they can build it into their everyday teachings in the classroom and bring it into the students’ consciousness.”

One of the highlights of the program, Ms Hinkley said, was the careers panel which brought together “five young bright ag minds”, who talked on how they got into agriculture, the pathways they took and what they love about the industry.

“And what was interesting is through all of their different backgrounds, they hadn’t been encouraged at school to pursue a career in agriculture, with each of them finding their own way into the industry,” she said. “So the aim is that if we can help teachers spark an interest in their students to consider a career in agriculture, it might resonate with some of them and flow through into the workforce.” 

Rabobank Head of Relationship Management for southern WA Philip Edkins said the TeacherFX program had come about as a direct initiative of Rabobank’s WA Client Council, a group of the bank’s farming clients who meet to discuss issues and implement ideas to contribute to the sustainability of the agricultural industry and rural communities.

“Our Client Councils give our farming clients the opportunity to discuss some of the big issues facing the sector,” he said, “and the urban-rural divide along with the challenges of both retaining and attracting youth to the sector are two of the four key objectives of the councils,” he said. “TeacherFX is just one of the initiatives we are working on to help break down that disconnect and also encourage those that don’t have an ag background, but may be interested in technology or science, to consider a career in agriculture.”

GRDC INVESTMENT IN WA FOCUSED LINSEED AGRONOMY: SMALL PLOT FLAX TRIALS

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The small plot flax trials at Darkan, Wagin and Kojonup are all on the verge of bursting into full bloom. The time of sowing (TOS) 1 plots seeded on the 29th and 30th of May are ahead on maturity with the variety Glenelg coming into flower first. This is a white flowering variety which tends to yield slightly higher than Croxton but is more susceptible to Fusarium oxysporum which causes Fusarium wilt in susceptible flax varieties. Croxton a blue flowering flax is a Fusarium wilt resistant variety.

TOS 2 seeded on the 12th and 13th of June and TOS 3 seeded on the 25th and 26th of June are forming buds and will not be far behind in coming into flower. The flax plants in the TOS 3 plots are still quite short being on average around 10cm tall and with the onset of flowering it will be interesting to see if stem growth stops. This may be a determining factor as to the time of seeding required for both the Croxton and Glenelg varieties.

In this growing season to date, we have not had any insect or disease issues at any of the flax sites. Moisture stress is becoming apparent with theses early hot spring days and with little rain forecast we may have the opportunity to see how the flax copes with a dry finish. This is not ideal for the trials, however if it will provide valuable information as to the potential fit of these two varieties into the WA agricultural regions with our somewhat unreliable rainfall events.

The Kojonup trial site on Rachael and Andrew Plowman’s property was one of the stops on the Spring Field Day tour. Dr Sarita Bennett from Curtin University presented at the site. It was the first opportunity for many of the growers to see flax grown in WA, with plenty of questions and discussion ensuing.
 

A dedicated flax field day will be held in Darkan on Tuesday the 29th of October with guest speakers and site visits. If you have an interest in the potential of flax as a break crop or are just plain curious, please come along it will be a really great day.

To further explore the potential of the flax industry, GIWA have invested in the project: Pre-feasibility of a Flax (linseed) Oil Industry in the High Rainfall Zone of WA with the Focus on Food and Beverage Products. The GRDC is providing in-kind support for the flax industry feasibility study.

 
The flax supply chain project has two sites sown to Croxton flax. A 17 Ha site at Evan Halls was seeded on the 2nd May and a 2 Ha site was seeded at Lynley Andersons property on the 2nd August. With the different sowing times we will gain valuable agronomic information as to how flax can fit into our cropping systems and growing environments.

With the warmer weather the site at Andersons germinated very quickly and evenly. The late sowing has enabled the site to remain clean with excellent weed control achieved with a knockdown prior to sowing. Red legged earth mites from the neighboring pasture paddock were halted in their tracks with a barrier spray around the edge of the site. With the late sowing moisture availability may become an issue without good finishing rains, as may the height and seed capsule (boll) numbers the plants achieve before flowering and crop senescence occur.

The earlier sown Croxton flax at Halls is coming into bud with the first flowers just opening. This site was impacted by chemical damage earlier in the season but has since made a remarkable recovery indicating the resiliency of flax crops.
 

Thank you very much to all our Southern Dirt trial hosts both for your time and input into the trials and for making land available. As a grower group we are reliant on grower participation and it is sincerely appreciated.

If you have any questions about new or continuing projects or would like to be involved by hosting a trial, please do not hesitate to contact me on 0475 399 677 or email: research@southerndirt.com.au

Written by: Bronwyn Copestake

 

Figure 1: Croxton Flax Flower
Figure 1: Croxton Flax Flower
Figure 2: Glenelg flax TOS1 at Darkan on 17-9-2019
Figure 3 Kojonup small plot flax trials- preparation for spring field day
Figure 3: Kojonup Small Plot Flax Trials Preparation for the Spring Field Day
Figure 4 Kojonup Small Plot Flax Trials Spring Field day. Evan Hall introducing Dr Sarita Bennett
Figure 4: Kojonup Small Plot Flax Trials Spring Field Day. Evan Hall introducing Dr Sarita Bennett.
Figure 5: Germination of Croxton flax at Anderson 19 days post seeding.
FIgure 6 Croxton flax at Anderson on the 17-9-2019
Figure 6: Croxton flax at Andersons on the 17-9-2019
Figure 7 Croxton flax at Halls on the 11-9-2019 following recent broad leaf and grass weed control sprays
Figure 7: Croxton flax at Halls on the 11-9-2019 following recent broad leaf and grass weed control sprays.
Figure 8: The first of the flax flowers at Halls 11-9-2019.

IS FLAXSEED A POTENTIAL FUTURE BREAK CROP FOR WA GROWERS?

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Flaxseed has been attracting attention recently as an emerging future crop for WA farmers, primarily due to the rising global trend in “superfoods”. These nutrient packed foods are rising sharply in popularity and consumer awareness, but are they a viable option for growers looking to diversify their crop rotation?

Southern Dirt have recently commissioned a report from Strategy Matrix, a consultancy business focused on stakeholder engagement and consultation, facilitation services, strategic planning, and business development, to consider new and emerging opportunities in flaxseed production for Australian farmers.   

Prompting Southern Dirt to undertake this research was a previous 2017 study which explored new opportunities in new and emerging agricultural industries in Australia. The Strategy Matrix report acknowledges this previous piece of work undertaken by Coriolis Australia in 2017 for AgriFutures, in which flax seed/linseed was rated as one of the “best” industries due to health benefits and attributes. This quantitative assessment was made of global trade data against growth metrics ($ value of exports and compound annual growth rate %). Coriolis rated industries as “good, better or best” based on market demand size and growth.

Qualitatively, Coriolis rated flax seed/linseed highly for being capital intensive to produce, mechanically harvested, having value added opportunities, wide spread of markets and buyers, origin important or called out at point of sale, attractive competitive set and the ability to leverage Australian country reputation.

So what are the market opportunities that flaxseed can present to growers?

Flax has shifted significantly from a predominately industrial product to being a specialist ingredient in health food and well-being products due to consumers wanting oils with naturally high oleic or fatty acid content. 

In addition to its commercial capacity as a “functional food”, other diverse opportunities for flaxseed include animal feed, industrial products such as varnish, printer’s ink and linoleum, an edible oil and fibrous applications in blankets, carpets, towels and mattresses.

Ann Maree O’Callaghan, Director and founder of Strategy Matrix who authored the report,  participated in one of six deep-dive breakout sessions that tackle some of the big questions for the future of farming in Australia at TECHSPO in August. Her session, “Future Crops and Systems”  looked at a myriad of emerging industries, and how farmers can diversify their crops to capitalise on this opportunity.

O’Callaghan is pragmatic about what is required from farmers to take advantage of the superfood boom. “While there are opportunities and challenges throughout the supply chain to capture value, research and prefeasibility work focused on these superfood crops has identified eight key focus areas that are critical for success. They include knowledge of the plant and its agronomy, cultivar development, processing technologies and systems, a whole supply chain focus, development of end products and markets, partnerships and collaboration and of course, attracting finance.”

Whilst the potential of flaxseed as a future crop for WA is evident, it does not come without shortfalls and challenges. Domestically, key flax competitors are imported oil and linseed as well as other niche seed oils like hemp and nut oils. Importer and exporter VVRS Australia’s extensive product range gives an indication of competing products.

In addition to flax seed oil they trade in oil from canola, castor, celery seed, coconut, corn, cotton seed, cumin seed, hazelnut, mustard, olive, palm, peanut, rapeseed, rice bran, safflower, sesame, soyabean and sunflower as well as vanaspathi ghee. As well as competing with other soft oils, flax oil competes with specialised olive oils, hard oils like palm oil, butter and dairy products as well as tallow.

In the 5 years to June 2013 Australia imported 1,689 tonnes of linseed oil (including crude oil) per annum with the majority imported from Europe with Belgium being the largest supplier. The Australian Oilseed Federation, in assessing the prospects of linseed (flaxseed) and other oilseeds like mustard (oil and seed) for food, rated domestic markets for linseed and oil as attractive with good industry capacity and competitiveness. Export markets were not rated as favourably, indicating that the opportunity for Australian growers primarily lay locally.

Despite some of these challenges, flaxseed fits well into crop rotations, being particularly useful as a break crop for cereal production. If kept free of grass weeds it will help control or reduce soil borne cereal root diseases such as take-all, and may unlock the potential for crop diversification for some Australian farmers.

The opportunities associated with flaxseed, as well as the prospect of other future crops such as industrial hemp, continues to be a passion point for Southern Dirt, the grower group who conceptualised TECHSPO and have seen it go from strength to strength over the past few years.

Tracey Hodgkins, Southern Dirt CEO, reiterates the importance of a future-focus when it comes to cropping. “Understanding and development of new cropping industries offer land owners an opportunity for greater flexibility and profitability in a challenging marketplace, as well as a way to bring diversity into our systems. Profitable break crops need to be developed carefully and collaboratively. Research shows we need to stay ahead of food trends, global competitors and bring a value add focus to our region in order to remain sustainable in the future.”